Static IP Address: How It Works, When to Use It, and What It Offers

A static IP address is a fixed, unchanging numerical label assigned to a device or server on a network. Unlike dynamic addresses, a static IP remains the same each time the device connects to the internet or a local network. This type of address is commonly used for services that must always be accessible at a known address, such as web servers, email servers, or remote access setups.

In contrast, a dynamic IP address is temporarily assigned and can change periodically. These addresses are typically issued by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Dynamic IPs are more suitable for everyday users who do not need a permanent address, and for whom frequent changes won’t disrupt regular internet usage.

Main Differences Between Static and Dynamic IP Addresses

• Consistency: Static IP addresses remain the same, while dynamic ones change over time.
• Application: Static IPs are preferred for business-related services, hosting, and server use. Dynamic IPs are generally sufficient for residential and casual use.
• Configuration: Static IPs must be set up manually, whereas dynamic IPs are automatically assigned and managed by the provider.
• Network Management: Managing static addresses requires more effort and manual input, while dynamic addresses are controlled via automated DHCP systems.

Common Uses of Static IP Addresses

Servers and Online Hosting

A static IP makes it easier for users and systems to consistently locate and access your server, improving reliability for websites and hosted services.

Remote Access Configuration

When connecting to devices remotely (such as through a VPN), a static IP ensures stable access by providing a consistent point of connection.

Hosting Game Servers

Using a static IP simplifies hosting and connecting to game servers, helping to maintain stable connections for multiple users.

Managing Network Resources

Some networking hardware and monitoring tools rely on fixed IP addresses for efficient access, monitoring, and configuration.

Benefits of Using a Static IP Address

• Reliable Connectivity
  A consistent IP ensures uninterrupted access to services that require constant availability.
• Simplified Service Configuration
  Applications and services are easier to set up and maintain when the IP address doesn’t change.
• Security Enhancements
  Fixed IPs can be used to configure firewall rules, access restrictions, or allowlists, improving control over access.
• Improved DNS Support
  Hosting a DNS server or self-hosted domain services is more dependable with a static IP.

Potential Drawbacks of a Static IP Address

• Additional Cost
  ISPs often charge extra for static IP addresses, as they require manual allocation and management.
• Privacy Concerns
  Since the address doesn’t change, it becomes easier to trace a user’s activity over time.
• Complex Setup and Maintenance
  Static IP configurations typically require manual setup, and resolving IP conflicts or errors may need advanced knowledge.
• Increased Exposure
  Because static IPs remain fixed, they can become easier targets for attacks if not properly secured.

How to Obtain a Static IP Address

Step 1: Contact Your ISP

Most Internet Service Providers offer the option to purchase a static IP address. It may come as part of a business package or as an add-on service.

Step 2: Request Details

Ask the provider about pricing, availability, and how many static IPs they can assign to your account.

Step 3: Configure Your Equipment

Once you receive your static IP settings, you will need to manually enter them into your router or device configuration panel.

Common Parameters to Enter:

• Static IP address
• Subnet mask
• Default gateway
• Primary and secondary DNS servers

This configuration is usually performed through the web interface of your router or modem.

Setting a Static IP Address in Windows

Manual Configuration Through Network Settings

1. Open the Network Settings
   Press Win + R, type ncpa.cpl, and click OK.
   
2. Choose Your Network Adapter
   Right-click the network adapter you are using and select Properties.
   
3. Edit TCP/IP Settings
   From the list, select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) and click Properties.
4. Set the IP Manually
   Choose Use the following IP address, then enter:
   • Your assigned IP address
   • Subnet mask (typically 255.255.255.0)
   • Default gateway (often your router’s IP)
5. Define DNS Servers
   Select Use the following DNS server addresses, and enter:
   • Preferred DNS server: 8.8.8.8
   • Alternate DNS server: 8.8.4.4
6. Save Your Settings
   Click OK to apply all changes. Your static IP is now active.
   

Configuring a Static IP via Command Prompt

1.Open Command Prompt
Press Win + R, type cmd, and click OK.

2. Find the Interface Name
Use the following command to list your network connections:

netsh interface ipv4 show config

3. Assign the Static IP
Replace the values with your network name and IP settings:

netsh interface ipv4 set address name=”NetworkName” static 123.123.123.123 255.255.255.0 192.168.0.1

• NetworkName — name of your adapter (e.g., “Wi-Fi” or “Ethernet”)
• 123.123.123.123 — desired IP address
• 255.255.255.0 — subnet mask
• 192.168.0.1 — default gateway

Set DNS Servers
Execute the following commands to define DNS:
pgsql
КопироватьРедактировать
netsh interface ipv4 set dns name=”NetworkName” static 8.8.8.8

netsh interface ipv4 add dns name=”NetworkName” 8.8.4.4 index=2

Your static IP is now configured through the command line interface.

Setting a Static IP Address on macOS

1. Open System Preferences
   Click the Apple menu and select System Preferences.
   
2. Access Network Settings
   Click on Network to open the network configuration panel.
   
3. Select the Active Connection
   From the list of available connections, choose the one you want to configure.
   
4. Manually Configure the IP Address
   Under Configure IPv4, choose Manually, then input:
   • Your static IP address
   • Subnet mask
   • Default gateway
     
5. Click Apply to save.
   
6. Add DNS Servers
   Click Advanced, switch to the DNS tab, and input:
   
7. Save and Exit
   Confirm changes by clicking OK and close the settings panel. The static IP is now applied.

Source: https://belurk.com/en